Causes of World War II Essay -- American History European

Causes of World War II Many historians have traced the causes of World War II to problems left unsolved by World War I (1914-1918). World War I and the treaties that ended it also created new political and economic problems. Forceful leaders in several countries took advantage of these problems to seize power. The desire of dictators in Germany, Italy, and Japan to conquer additional territory brought them into conflict with the democratic nations. After World War I ended, representatives of the victorious nations met in Paris in 1919 to draw up peace treaties for the defeated countries. These treaties, known as the Peace of Paris, followed a long and bitter war. They were worked out in haste by these countries with opposing goals; and failed to satisfy even the victors. Of all the countries on the winning side, Italy and Japan left the peace conference most dissatisfied. Italy gained less territory than it felt it deserved and vowed to take action on its own. Japan gained control of German territories in the Pacific and thereby launched a program of expansion. But Japan was angered by the peacemakers' failure to endorse the principle of the equality of all races. The countries that lost World War I--Germany, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey--were especially dissatisfied with the Peace of Paris. They were stripped of territory, arms and were required to make reparations (payments for war damages). The Treaty of Versailles, which was signed with Germany, punished Germany severely. The German government agreed to sign the treaty only after the victorious powers threatened to invade. Many Germans particularly resented the clause that forced Germany to accept responsibility for causing World War I. World War I seriously damaged the economies of the European countries. Both the winners and the losers came out of the war deeply in debt. The defeated powers had difficulty paying reparations to the victors, and the victors had difficulty repaying their loans to the United States. The shift from a wartime economy to a peacetime economy caused further problems. Italy and Japan suffered from too many people and too few resources after World War I. They eventually tried to solve their problems by territorial expansion. In Germany, runaway inflation destroyed the value of money and wiped out the savings of millions of people. In 1923, the Ger... ...ed by meeting Hitler's demands. That policy became known as appeasement. Chamberlain had several meetings with Hitler during September 1938 as Europe teetered on the edge of war. Hitler raised his demands at each meeting. On September 29, Chamberlain and French Premier Edouard Daladier met with Hitler and Mussolini in Munich, Germany. Chamberlain and Daladier agreed to turn over the Sudetenland to Germany, and they forced Czechoslovakia to accept the agreement. Hitler promised that he had no more territorial demands. The Munich Agreement marked the height of the policy of appeasement. Chamberlain and Daladier hoped that the agreement would satisfy Hitler and prevent war--or that it would at least prolong the peace until Britain and France were ready for war. The two leaders were mistaken on both counts. The failure of appeasement soon became clear. Hitler broke the Munich Agreement in March 1939 and seized the rest of Czechoslovakia. He thereby added Czechoslovakia's armed forces and industries to Germany's military might. In the months before World War II began, Germany's preparations for war moved ahead faster than did the military build-up of Britain and France.

Abnormal behavior Essay

There are many factors that affect and produce abnormal behavior. Its aspects vary largely depending different factors. Abnormal behavior has many varying classifications. According to the   DSM-IV, there are 5 types of Axis that classify abnormal behavior. Out of these five, there is much importance on the effect of situational factors that can range from simple or grave in nature, nonetheless, situational factors provide a huge effect on abnormal behavior. The DSM-IV provides categorical classification that segregates mental disorders into different kinds or types from a basis of sets of criteria that possess defining features. The five types are the following: Axis I – Clinical Syndrome, Axis II – Personality Disorder and Mental Retardation, Axis III – Physical Disorder, Axis IV – Psycho-social stressors and Environmental Problems, and lastly, Axis V – Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). See more: Homeless satire essay Abnormal behavior represents different effects. The causes and stimulants for this abnormal behavior may vary very uniquely. But every abnormal behavior condition can be consequences of genetic predisposition, developmental factors that influence, patterns learned due to response from situations, impact of acute or chronic life experiences, defective assumptions, and adaptation to situations. Excluding the genetic predisposition, abnormal behavior largely revolve around factors of different situations that may have started or aggravated the said abnormal behavior. The once normal behavior of people can change due to a very life-changing situation. Examples of these are traumatic events or major disasters that occurred in one’s life. Such disorders or abnormality may greatly have been caused by these kinds of situations which resulted to the change of the normal behavior into abnormal.

The Progression of Heavy Metal essays

The Progression of Heavy Metal essays As in most generations, the youth engages in some type of new and rebellious activity against the mores of their parent's previous generation. One type of rebellion that turned up in the music of the youth and becoming widely popular in the 1980s, however having origins from years before, is heavy metal. This type of music underscores morbidity, ancient civilizations, heroic conflicts, and gothic attitudes. Heavy metal had many influences on future evolutions of music and branched into other types of music. The presence of this type of music in itself, though, had such an impact that many people still listen and are influenced by it today. Although metal music became widely popular and flaunted by MTV in the 1980s, it actually began about fifteen years beforehand. Some say that metal began way back with the Kinks' "You Really Got Me" and the Who's "My Generation" in 1964. However, in 1965, Alice Cooper created the band The Spiders, which really began the first roads to developing heavy metal. Metal music began to gain popularity after Woodstock of 1967, after which people began looking for a new revolution. That is when bands like Cream, the Jimi Hendrix Experience, Led Zeppelin, Deep Purple, Uriah Heep, and most influential, Black Sabbath, came between 1966 and 1970. The term "heavy metal" was coined by Steppenwolf, where, in the song "Born to Be Wild," the term "heavy metal thunder" is first used. On the other hand, the first of the influential bands included the Jimi Hendrix Experience and Cream, commanding the followings of Rush and Van Halen. After that, by 1973, "the kings of heavy metal" (www.hard...) came to be Deep Purple, Led Zeppelin, and Black Sabbath. With those latter two bands also came the Satanic imagery, part trademark, of heavy metal. Jimmy Page, first from The Yardbirds, then the guitarist in Led Zeppelin, influenced much of the distortion of "heavy" guitar playing that came to classify heavy metal musi...

My father Essays - Roman Catholic Devotions, Free Essays

My father Essays - Roman Catholic Devotions, Free Essays My father In his death, my father, Glenn Vernon Martin, did something he could not do in life. He brought our family together. After he died at age 83, many of his friends told me how much they loved him?how generous he was, how outgoing, how funny, how caring. I was surprised at these descriptions. During my teenage years, there was little said to me that was not criticism. I remember him as angry. But now, ten years after his death, I recall events that seem to contradict my memory of him. When I was 16, he handed down to me the family?s 1957 Chevy. Neither one of us knew at the time that it was the coolest car anyone my age could have. When I was in the third grade he proudly accompanied me to the school tumbling contest where I won first prize. One day, while I was in single digits, he suggested we play catch in the front yard. This offer to spend time together was so anomalous that I didn?t quite understand what I was supposed to do. When I graduated from high school, my father offered to buy me a tuxedo. I refused because my father always shunned gifts. I felt with my refusal, that somehow in a convoluted, perverse logic, I was being a good son. I wish now that I could have let him buy me a tuxedo, let him be a dad. My father sold real estate but he wanted to be in show business. I was probably five years old when I saw him in a bit part at the Call Board theater on Melrose Place in Hollywood. He came on in the second act and served a drink. The theater existed until a few years ago and is now finally defunct and, I believe, a lamp shop. My father?s attitude toward my show business accomplishments was critical. After my first appearance on Saturday Night Live in 1976, he wrote a bad review of me in the newsletter of the Newport Board of Realtors where he was president. Later, he related this news to me slightly shamefaced, and said that after it appeared, his best friend came into his office holding the paper, placed it on his desk, and shook his head sternly, indicating a wordless ?no.? In the early ?80s, a close friend of mine, whose own father was killed walking across a street and whose mother committed suicide on Mother?s Day, said that if I had anything to work out with my parents, I should do it now, because one day that opportunity would be over. When I heard this remark, I had no idea that I would ever want to work anything out with them, that, in fact, there was anything to work out at all. But it stewed in my brain for years, and soon I decided to try and get to know my parents. I took them to lunch every Sunday I could, and would goad them into talking. It was our routine that after I drove them home from our lunches, my mother and father, now in their 80s, would walk me to the car. I would kiss my mother on the cheek and my father and I would wave or awkwardly say goodbye. But this time we hugged each other and he whispered, ?I love you,? with a voice barely audible. This would be the first time these words were ever spoken between us. I returned the phrase with the same awkward, broken delivery.

Free Essays on Tobacco Marketing

Young People: A Key Expansion Market The tobacco industry loses close to 5,000 customers every day in the US alone- including 3,500 who manage to quit and about 1,200 who die. The most promising â€Å"replacement smokers† are young people: 90% of smokers begin before they’re 21, and 60% before they’re 14! To find their new customers, every day US tobacco companies spend $11 million to advertise and promote cigarettes- more than the US Federal Office on Smoking and Health spends to prevent smoking in an entire year. US Youth: â€Å"Cool† Customers In the US, cigarette advertising links smoking with being â€Å"cool†, taking risks, and growing up. At the same time, the tobacco industry insists that it does not want children to smoke- and backs up its claims with campaigns supposedly designed to discourage young people from smoking. However, programs like â€Å"Tobacco: Helping Youth Say No† are not only slick public relations efforts designed to bolster industry credibility, they actually encourage youth tobacco use. By leaving out the health dangers, ignoring addiction, and glamorizing smoking as an â€Å"adult custom,† these campaigns reinforce the industry’s advertising theme presenting smoking as a way for children to exert independence and be grown up. International â€Å"Passport to Prosperity† Outside the US, central messages are wealth, health, and consumption- in short, â€Å"USA.† According to Kenyan physician Paul Wangai, â€Å"Many African children have two hopes. One is to go to heaven, the other to America. US tobacco companies capitalize on this by associating smoking with affluence. It’s not uncommon to hear children say they start because of the glamorous life-style associated with smoking.† In emerging markets from Eastern Europe to Southeast Asia, transnational tobacco giants Philip Morris, RJR Nabisco, and B.A.T. Industries aggressively hawk cigarettes with slogans like; â€Å"L & M: The Way ... Free Essays on Tobacco Marketing Free Essays on Tobacco Marketing Young People: A Key Expansion Market The tobacco industry loses close to 5,000 customers every day in the US alone- including 3,500 who manage to quit and about 1,200 who die. The most promising â€Å"replacement smokers† are young people: 90% of smokers begin before they’re 21, and 60% before they’re 14! To find their new customers, every day US tobacco companies spend $11 million to advertise and promote cigarettes- more than the US Federal Office on Smoking and Health spends to prevent smoking in an entire year. US Youth: â€Å"Cool† Customers In the US, cigarette advertising links smoking with being â€Å"cool†, taking risks, and growing up. At the same time, the tobacco industry insists that it does not want children to smoke- and backs up its claims with campaigns supposedly designed to discourage young people from smoking. However, programs like â€Å"Tobacco: Helping Youth Say No† are not only slick public relations efforts designed to bolster industry credibility, they actually encourage youth tobacco use. By leaving out the health dangers, ignoring addiction, and glamorizing smoking as an â€Å"adult custom,† these campaigns reinforce the industry’s advertising theme presenting smoking as a way for children to exert independence and be grown up. International â€Å"Passport to Prosperity† Outside the US, central messages are wealth, health, and consumption- in short, â€Å"USA.† According to Kenyan physician Paul Wangai, â€Å"Many African children have two hopes. One is to go to heaven, the other to America. US tobacco companies capitalize on this by associating smoking with affluence. It’s not uncommon to hear children say they start because of the glamorous life-style associated with smoking.† In emerging markets from Eastern Europe to Southeast Asia, transnational tobacco giants Philip Morris, RJR Nabisco, and B.A.T. Industries aggressively hawk cigarettes with slogans like; â€Å"L & M: The Way ...

Environmental Problem And Solution Research Paper

Environmental Problem And Solution - Research Paper Example The most common and damaging greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide, also called CO2. Unfortunately, we are currently destroying the best known carbon regulators- plants. Deforestation not only impedes carbon capture, but the dead and decayed flora further releases CO2 into the environment. As the climate keeps getting warmer the various species in their respective ecosystems are exposed to threatening adaptability challenges as a result of which their number and diversity is rapidly on decline. A proper understanding and control of CO2 is pivotal to prevent an unstoppable catastrophic warming of the Earth. Environmental Problem and Solution For the purpose of better understanding the alarming situation we are in, I have picked a news article from BBC News, Washington by Jane O’Brien, 4 November 2010, â€Å"The World’s longest running carbon dioxide experiment†. One of the most pressing challenges on global warming is the fact that nobody exactly knows how the earth wi ll react to the progressive climate change. This article provides an insight to some of the most imperative concerns about the effects of global warming, and some hypothetical suggestions of handling it. Every year the rising sea levels engulf humongous hectares of land thereby threatening the existence of heavily populated coastlines (Sarwar & Khan, 2007). Other impacts of global climate change include melting glaciers, stronger storms, higher floods, less snow north and more drought south (IPCC, 2007). Several greenhouse gases are responsible for climate warming, but CO2 forms the herculean contributor as the concentration of the other gases is much lower. The buildup of CO2 in the atmosphere is mainly from the combustion of fossil fuels in car, factories and electricity production (Miller, 2004). In the longest running CO2 experiment, carried out on the shore of Maryland’s Chesapeake Bay, scientists have created a unique salt marsh that simulates the situation of the futur e (O’Brien, 2010). One characteristic of CO2 is that it acts as a fertilizer on some plants making it grow appreciably faster, building new soil and hence tacking the problem of rising sea levels. The scientists in this study have tailored the condition our planet will be exposed to by the year 2100 by setting up a patch of marshland and covering it with atmospherically controlled CO2 chambers which have roughly double the CO2 content of what we have today. However other environmental peril like pollution can have a huge dampening effect on the growth promoting property of CO2. Another aspect which this living laboratory has exploited is the susceptibility of the marsh to a variety of weed, Phragmites australis. The growth of this plant is fortified by high CO2 levels. The expeditious growth of such unwanted flora can displace the native habitats and the organisms which populate it. A better understanding of how these ecosystems behave under altered condition would help in pl anning the future. Being enlightened of the increasing CO2 levels, we can be prepared to control the invasive species like Phragmites australis, which thrive on CO2 and degrade the biodiversity of the ecosystem. Another aspect of these invasive plant species is that they may help counterbalance the problem of soil erosion. Having cognizance of this dual purview it can be decided whether or not to allow these plant species to thrive. Discussion The ongoing CO2 experiment began in 1987 with the aim of examining the

Interpretation Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Interpretation Paper - Essay Example Instead, he suggest that why wouldn’t people appreciate that they can as well handle the matter by themselves through reconciliation. Paul reminds the Corinthians that they would have power to judge the angels and as such, it is ridiculous that they would subject themselves to other men, who do not believe in their faith, in the form of judges, to handle their cases. It is not like Paul does not appreciate the role of the judges, but rather, he confronts the weakness within the church, to the extent to which non among them would be able to stand for the rest to provide counsel. The intension of the author was to inculcate the spirit of reconciliation among the believers in the Corinth. This was ultimately to appreciate the spirit of forgiveness among the believers, and never to expose their differences to the non-believers. Dare any of you, having a matter against another, go to law before the unjust and not before the saint? (1st Corinthians , 6:1).1 Literally, Paul is putting the role of the jury in question based on the faith they harbor. Though the question seem to be directed to the believers in Corinth, the fairness of the courts in handling the Christians cases is put to question. Sucintly, Christians are challenged to appreciate that there is no fairness in courts that would match forgiveness in Christ. The answer to Paul’s question is no! In faith every Christian should forgive others and never to seek revenge. I speak to your shame. Is it so, that there is not a wise man among you? No not one that shall be able to judge between his brethren? (1st Corinthians, 6:2) At this instance, Paul presents a case which contradicts traditional understanding of Christianity. First, there would not be any need to judge since judgment is left to God alone. But the answer is yes! There are wise men among the Christians who are able to provide counsel but not to judge them. Know ye not that the unrighteous shall not inherit